![This image taken by NASA's Perseverance rover on Sept. 7, 2021, PDT (Sept. 8, EDT), shows two holes where the rover's drill obtained chalk-size samples from rock nicknamed "Rochette."](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/1-pia24840-main-samuels-5-hazcam-flf-0196-0684353735-668cws-n0070000fhaz02008-0a00llj01-stretched.png?w=4096&format=png)
![Perseverance takes a photo of one of a sample tube on the Martian terrain.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-perseverance-zr0-0669-0726335209-613eby-n0320580zcam08666-1100lmj.png?w=4096&format=png)
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 6 at Robine. The image shows a rock with a drillhole and abrasion.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-06-zr0-0298-0693396851-894eby-n0090000zcam08323-0340lmj.png?w=4096&format=png)
Mars Rock Samples
On Feb. 18, 2021, the Mars Perseverance rover made its harrowing landing at Jezero Crater. Almost immediately, the rover began an expedition to collect a geologically diverse set of rock samples that could help answer the question if Mars once had ancient microbial life. Perseverance has identified those rocks, cored, sealed them and set several sample tubes down on the crater floor for a future mission to pick up. Get high-level information about the diverse set of samples the rover has collected.
Samples Collected
24 of 38
Witness Tubes
3 of 5
Mars Rock Samples
NASA's Mars Perseverance rover is building a unique rock collection, which also includes samples of Mars atmosphere and loose surface material. These samples record the history of the Jezero Crater landing site, and may even preserve signs of ancient life. Learn more about these precious samples, which Mars Sample Return could deliver to Earth for detailed study in the future.
Learn About the Mars Sample ReturnRoubion
Sample No. 1
Feature Name: Roubion
Sample Type: Atmospheric
Sol Sealed: 164
Date Sealed: Aug. 6, 2021
Rock Type: n/a
Sample Height: n/a
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 1 at Roubion.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-01-flf-0164-0681506341-857eby-n0060000fhaz00209-01-0llj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Montdenier
Sample No. 2
Feature Name: Rochette
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 194
Date Sealed: Sept. 6, 2021
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 5.98 cm/2.35 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![This composite of two images shows the hole drilled by NASA's Perseverance rover during its second sample-collection attempt. at Montdenier.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-02-pia24805-navcam-of-borehole-sol190-navcam-borehole.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&crop=1)
Montagnac
Sample No. 3
Feature Name: Rochette
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 196
Date Sealed: Sept. 8, 2021
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 6.14 cm/2.42 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 3 at Montagnac.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-03-nrf-0196-0684353674-409eby-n0070000ncam00705-03-0llj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Salette
Sample No. 4
Feature Name: Brac
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 262
Date Sealed: Nov. 15, 2021
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 6.28 cm/2.47 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 4 at Salette.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-04-nrf-0262-0690212241-488eby-n0080000ncam00705-03-0llj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Coulettes
Sample No. 5
Feature Name: Brac
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 271
Date Sealed: Nov. 24, 2021
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 3.3 cm/1.30 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 5 at Coulettes.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-05-nrf-0271-0691011600-601eby-n0080000ncam00705-03-0llj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Robine
Sample No. 6
Feature Name: Issole
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 298
Date Sealed: Dec. 22, 2021
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 6.08 cm/2.39 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 6 at Robine. The image shows a rock with a drillhole and abrasion.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-06-zr0-0298-0693396851-894eby-n0090000zcam08323-0340lmj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Malay
Sample No. 7
Feature Name: Issole
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 337
Date Sealed: Jan. 31, 2022
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 3.07 cm/1.21 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 7 at Malay.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-07-zr0-0337-0696856090-303eby-n0090276zcam03306-1100lmj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Ha'ahóni(aka Hahonih)
Sample No. 8
Feature Name: Sid
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 371
Date Sealed: March 7, 2022
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 6.5 cm/2.56 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 8 at Ha'ahóni (aka "Hahonih"). This image shows the rock protruding out of the ground with an abrasion patch and a drill hole.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-08-nlf-0371-0699886394-034eby-n0110108ncam00709-01-0llj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Atsá(aka Atsah)
Sample No. 9
Feature Name: Sid
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 377
Date Sealed: March 13, 2022
Rock Type: Igneous
Sample Height: 6.0 cm/2.36 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover displaying the abrasion patch prior to collecting the rock sample 9 at Atsá (aka "Atsah").](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-09-zl0-0379-0700576749-723eby-n0110108zcam08408-1100lmj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Swift Run
Sample No. 10
Feature Name: Skinner Ridge
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 490
Date Sealed: July 7, 2022
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 6.69 cm/2.63 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 10 at Swift Run.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-10-nlf-0490-0710456117-926ecm-n0261004ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Skyland
Sample No. 11
Feature Name: Skinner Ridge
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 495
Date Sealed: July 12, 2022
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 5.85 cm/2.30 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 11 at Skyland. Sample 10 and 11 drill hole with an abrasion patch.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-11-nlf-0495-0710900102-755ecm-n0261004ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Hazeltop
Sample No. 12
Feature Name: Wildcat Ridge
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 509
Date Sealed: July 27, 2022
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 5.97 cm/2.35 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 12 at Hazeltop. There is a drill hole and a nearby abrasion patch displayed in this photo.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-12-nlf-0509-0712140650-691ecm-n0261222ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Bearwallow
Sample No. 13
Feature Name: Wildcat Ridge
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 516
Date Sealed: Aug. 3, 2022
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 6.24 cm/2.46 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 13 at Bearwallow. There are two drill holes and an abrasion patch in this photo.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-13-nlf-0516-0712761021-112ecm-n0261222ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Shuyak
Sample No. 14
Feature Name: Amalik
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 575
Date Sealed: Oct. 2, 2022
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 5.55 cm/2.19 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 14 at Shuyak. Nearby the drill hole of the sample collection is an abrasion patch to the bottom right.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-14-nlf-0575-0717997335-774ecm-n0290000ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Mageik
Sample No. 15
Feature Name: Amalik
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 619
Date Sealed: Nov. 16, 2022
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 7.36 cm/2.90 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 15 at Mageik.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-15-zl0-0582-0718612114-364eby-n0290000zcam08595-0630lmj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Kukaklek
Sample No. 16
Feature Name: Hidden Harbor
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 631
Date Sealed: Nov. 29, 2022
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 4.97 cm/1.96 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 16 at Kukaklek.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-16-zl0-0628-0722694488-535eby-n0301172zcam03492-1100lmj.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Atmo Mountain
Sample No. 17
Feature Name: Observation Mountain
Sample Type: Regolith
Sol Sealed: 634
Date Sealed: Dec. 2, 2022
Rock Type: Likely mixed sedimentary and igneous grains
Sample Height: 5.3 cm/2.09 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 17 at Atmo Mountain.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-17-nrf-0634-0723238492-135ecm-n0310000ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Crosswind Lake
Sample No. 18
Feature Name: Observation Mountain
Sample Type: Regolith
Sol Sealed: 639
Date Sealed: Dec. 7, 2022
Rock Type: Likely mixed sedimentary and igneous grains
Sample Height: 5.3 cm/2.09 in
Current Location: Sample Depot
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 18 at Crosswind Lake. This image shows both samples 17 and 18 drill holes nearby.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-18-nrf-0639-0723682394-977ecm-n0310000ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Melyn
Sample No. 19
Feature Name: Berea
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 749
Date Sealed: March 30, 2023
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 6.04 cm/2.38 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 19 at Melyn.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-19-frf-0750-0733519147-132ecm-n0370000fhaz02008-03-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Otis Peak
Sample No. 20
Feature Name: Emerald Lake
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 832
Date Sealed: June 23, 2023
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 5.77 cm/2.27 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 20 at Otis Peak. There is a smooth crevice to the right side of the drill hole.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-20-nlf-0822-0739926764-926ecm-n0400132ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Pilot Mountain
Sample No. 21
Feature Name: Dream Lake
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 913
Date Sealed: Sept. 15, 2023
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 6 cm/2.36 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 21 at Pilot Mountain. There is a drill hole of where the sample was collected along with a few rocks surrounding the area.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-21-nrf-0882-0745249659-226ecm-n0430000ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Pelican Point
Sample No. 22
Feature Name: Hans Amundsen Memorial Workspace
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 923
Date Sealed: Sept. 25, 2023
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 6.1 cm/2.40 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 22 at Pelican Point. There is a drill hole at the center of the image where the sample was collected.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-22-nrf-0923-0748891047-145ecm-n0450000ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Lefroy Bay
Sample No. 23
Feature Name: Turquoise Bay
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 949
Date Sealed: Oct. 21, 2023
Rock Type: Sedimentary
Sample Height: 4.7 cm/1.85 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![Image taken was taken by the Mars Perseverance rover after collecting the rock sample 23 at Lefroy Bay. There is a drill hole in the center of the martian soil with an abrasion patch at the bottom left.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/mars-sample-23-nrf-0942-0750579097-550ecm-n0460000ncam00709-01-095j.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Comet Geyser
Sample No. 24
Feature Name: Bunsen Peak
Sample Type: Rock Core
Sol Sealed: 1088
Date Sealed: March 12, 2024
Rock Type: Silica-cemented Carbonate
Sample Height: 5.78 cm/2.28 in
Current Location: Perseverance Rover
![This view shows a rock nicknamed "Bunsen Peak" where NASA's Perseverance Mars rover extracted its 21st rock core (left) and abraded a circular patch (right) to investigate the rock's composition.](https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/pia26312.png?w=4096&format=png&crop=1)
Mars Rock Samples Collected by Perseverance Rover
Sample No. | Date Sealed | Sol Sealed | Sample Name | Feature Name | Sampling Location | Current Location | Sample Type | Sample Height cm inch | Rock Type | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Aug. 6, 2021 | 164 | Roubion | Roubion | Polygon Valley | Sample Depot | Atmospheric | n/a n/a | n/a | |
2 | Sept. 6, 2021 | 194 | Montdenier | Rochette | Artuby Ridge | Sample Depot | Rock Core | 5.98 2.35 | Igneous | |
3 | Sept. 8, 2021 | 196 | Montagnac | Rochette | Artuby Ridge | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.14 2.42 | Igneous | |
4 | Nov. 15, 2021 | 262 | Salette | Brac | South Séítah | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.28 2.47 | Igneous | |
5 | Nov. 24, 2021 | 271 | Coulettes | Brac | South Séítah | Sample Depot | Rock Core | 3.30 1.30 | Igneous | |
6 | Dec. 22, 2021 | 298 | Robine | Issole | South Séítah | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.08 2.39 | Igneous | |
7 | Jan. 31, 2022 | 337 | Malay | Issole | South Séítah | Sample Depot | Rock Core | 3.07 1.21 | Igneous | |
8 | March 7, 2022 | 371 | Ha'ahóni (aka "Hahonih") | Sid | Octavia E. Butler Landing / Ch’ał outcrop | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.50 2.56 | Igneous | |
9 | March 13, 2022 | 377 | Atsá (aka "Atsah") | Sid | Octavia E. Butler Landing / Ch’ał outcrop | Sample Depot | Rock Core | 6.00 2.36 | Igneous | |
10 | July 7, 2022 | 490 | Swift Run | Skinner Ridge | Delta Front | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.69 2.63 | Sedimentary | |
11 | July 12, 2022 | 495 | Skyland | Skinner Ridge | Delta Front | Sample Depot | Rock Core | 5.85 2.30 | Sedimentary | |
12 | July 27, 2022 | 509 | Hazeltop | Wildcat Ridge | Delta Front | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 5.97 2.35 | Sedimentary | |
13 | Aug. 3, 2022 | 516 | Bearwallow | Wildcat Ridge | Delta Front | Sample Depot | Rock Core | 6.24 2.46 | Sedimentary | |
14 | Oct. 2, 2022 | 575 | Shuyak | Amalik | Delta Front | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 5.55 2.19 | Sedimentary | |
15 | Nov. 16, 2022 | 619 | Mageik | Amalik | Delta Front | Sample Depot | Rock Core | 7.36 2.90 | Sedimentary | |
16 | Nov. 29, 2022 | 631 | Kukaklek | Hidden Harbor | Delta Front | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 4.97 1.96 | Sedimentary | |
17 | Dec. 2, 2022 | 634 | Atmo Mountain | Observation Mountain | Delta Front | Perseverance Rover | Regolith | 5.30 2.09 | Likely mixed sedimentary and igneous grains | |
18 | Dec. 7, 2022 | 639 | Crosswind Lake | Observation Mountain | Delta Front | Sample Depot | Regolith | 5.30 2.09 | Likely mixed sedimentary and igneous grains | |
19 | March 30, 2023 | 749 | Melyn | Berea | Upper Fan | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.04 2.38 | Sedimentary | |
20 | June 23, 2023 | 832 | Otis Peak | Emerald Lake | Upper Fan | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 5.77 2.27 | Sedimentary | |
21 | Sept. 15, 2023 | 913 | Pilot Mountain | Dream Lake | Upper Fan | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.00 2.36 | Sedimentary | |
22 | Sept. 25, 2023 | 923 | Pelican Point | Hans Amundsen Memorial Workspace | Margin Unit | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 6.10 2.40 | Sedimentary | |
23 | Oct. 21, 2023 | 949 | Lefroy Bay | Turquoise Bay | Margin Unit | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 4.70 1.85 | Sedimentary | |
24 | March 12, 2024 | 1088 | Comet Geyser | Bunsen Peak | Margin Unit | Perseverance Rover | Rock Core | 5.78 2.28 | Silica-cemented Carbonate |